What to know concerning the Nobel Peace Prize : NPR

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Jonathan Nackstrand/AFP by way of Getty Pictures Anticipation is rising and bookies all over the world are taking bets on who'll be awarded this 12 months's Nobel Peace Prize, with President Trump among the many most high-profile — and controversial — contenders.

On Friday, the Norwegian Nobel Committee will announce the winner. The committee says the award goes to the particular person or group that has achieved essentially the most "for fraternity between the nations and the abolition or discount of standing armies and the formation and spreading of peace congresses."

Trump has acquired a number of nominations and has by no means made a secret of his need to win the celebrated accolade. And, as the primary part of his Gaza peace plan makes headway, the give attention to the prospect of him successful is intensifying.

Here is what to know forward of this 12 months's announcement.

How did the peace prize come about? In his 1895 will, Swedish inventor and businessman Alfred Nobel declared his fortune ought to be divided into 5 components to honor excellent achievements in physics, chemistry, physiology or drugs, literature and for work in peace.

The primary prizes got in 1901 and at the moment are introduced each October and awarded in a ceremony in December. In 1968, a brand new prize was established — the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Financial Sciences.

1000's of individuals can select to appoint an individual or group as a candidate for the peace prize, although you can't nominate your self. These eligible to appoint a candidate embrace members of nationwide governments, officers with worldwide peace organizations, college professors and former recipients.

The recipients of 4 of the prizes are determined by a Swedish committee, whereas the recipient of the peace prize is set by a Norwegian committee composed of 5 members appointed by the Norwegian parliament. The peace prize committee deliberates in secret for months earlier than developing with a shortlist and narrowing it down to choose the winner.

The winner of the Nobel Peace Prize receives a medal and about $1.17 million in prize cash.

Who has received it previously? A few of the world's most well-known names have received previously, together with former South African presidents Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk in 1993 for bringing a peaceable finish to apartheid and Martin Luther King Jr. in 1964 for his nonviolent civil rights battle. Mom Theresa, the Dalai Lama and Malala Yousafzai are additionally all previous winners.

The prize has additionally gone to folks or teams that aren't family names. Final 12 months it was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a Japanese grassroots motion of atomic bomb survivors from Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

The awarding of the prize has additionally courted controversy. Former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger acquired the prize in 1973 together with North Vietnam's chief communist negotiator, Le Duc Tho, for establishing the Paris Peace Accords — which led to America's exit from the Vietnam Battle. Tho declined the award, however the resolution to award Kissinger shocked lots of his critics who noticed him as a warmonger.

Additionally controversial was President Barack Obama's Nobel Peace Prize in 2009, simply months into his first time period. Some criticized the choice, saying the president hadn't had time to show himself. Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed acquired the award for efforts to succeed in peace with neighboring Eritrea in 2019. He later went on to wage a brutal battle in Ethiopia's northernmost area of Tigray.

Leaders within the Americas, together with Costa Rica and Colombia, in addition to human rights defenders in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine have additionally received the award.

Who's nominated this time? There are 338 candidates for the Nobel Peace Prize this 12 months — 244 people and 94 organizations.

On the middle of intense hypothesis about this 12 months's award is President Trump, who's presently engaged in negotiations to finish the battle in Gaza.

The Nobel web site doesn't checklist the candidates, though a number of the nominators have informed the media who they've put ahead. Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu have each confirmed they nominated Trump.

Trump has repeatedly stated he deserves the prize, saying he is ended a number of wars this 12 months already, though fact-checkers dispute the declare as a number of conflicts he has tried to finish stay ongoing. Earlier this 12 months he stated on the White Home: "They are going to by no means give me a Nobel Peace Prize. I deserve it, however they'll by no means give it to me."

Different names making the rounds as attainable winners this 12 months embrace Sudan's Emergency Response Rooms, a volunteer community serving to civilians regardless of nice threat within the midst of the nation's civil battle, and Yulia Navalnaya, the widow of Russian opposition politician Alexei Navalny.

By way of the probability of Trump successful, the Gaza ceasefire might come too late to vary the result of this 12 months's award, and the committee is thought to worth sustained peace efforts over fast political wins.